The GCP SQL Config Changes rule monitors and detects alterations in Google Cloud SQL instance configurations, helping to identify potential misconfigurations promptly. Employing Google Cloud Audit Logs, this rule triggers alerts on any changes involving SQL instance settings, which is critical for maintaining database security and ensuring that configurations remain compliant with organizational policies. The effectiveness of monitoring comes from the ability to quickly respond to unauthorized or accidental modifications that could impact database availability or security. With the low severity level assigned to this rule, it highlights that while changes can occur frequently without immediate danger, the ongoing oversight is essential for adherence to best practices.